Kandy Esala Perahera: A Fascinating Sri Lankan Cultural Festival
Kandy's Esala Perahera, celebrated in the very heart of Sri Lanka, is an exquisite Buddhist festival that leaves viewers amazed with its colourful processions and cultural shows. The festival is observed every year in Kandy and is ingrained in the country's religious and cultural traditions.
The Esala Perahera of Kandy is renowned for its stunning shows and religious prominence, and both locals and visitors throng to watch it, making it one of Asia's most popular attractions.
Historical Background
The history of the Kandy Esala Perahera dates back to the 3rd century BCE, and it is one of the most ancient and holiest festivals of Sri Lanka. The primary objective of the festival is to make offerings to the Sacred Tooth Relic of Buddha, housed in the Sri Dalada Maligawa (Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic) in Kandy. Its introduction to Sri Lanka from India in the 4th century CE began a tradition of worship and reverence that has lasted for centuries.
Over the centuries, the Kandy Esala Perahera evolved through various periods and kings, incorporating the elements of each. Some of the important milestones include the introduction of the Perahera ceremony during the 18th century by King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe, who sought to syncretize the festival with Hindu god processions. This augmented the cultural heritage of the festival, which is now a unique blend of Hindu and Buddhist cultures.
Typical Activities
The Kandy Esala Perahera is renowned for its magnificent processions over a period of ten days in July or August. The streets of Kandy resound each evening with the music of traditional drumming, the spectacle of dancers in their multicolored costumes, and the hair-raising display of fire-breathers and acrobats. The showpiece is the royal elephant procession, attired in elaborate costumes and lights, carrying the replica of the Sacred Tooth Relic.
One of the unique attractions of the festival is the Randoli Perahera, the final five nights of the festival and the most spectacular. The Maha Randoli Perahera - the climax of the festival - has the largest number of performers and elephants gathering together, a feast to the eyes of the spectators.
Traditional Customs
The Kandy Esala Perahera is based on ancient traditions and customs that tell us a great deal about Sri Lanka's rich cultural heritage. One such significant tradition is the Kap Situveema, planting a young sapling of a jackfruit in the four main temples in Kandy, which signals the beginning of the celebrations.
Both visitors and participants can look forward to a feast for the senses with the aroma of authentic Sri Lankan cuisine, such as string hoppers - kottu roti - and hoppers.
The music of traditional tunes played on drums such as the "Geta Bera" and "Yak Bera" add to the celebratory atmosphere, as dancers dressed in rich costumes execute ancient movements.
The rituals, like the Dalada Maligawa ritual in which the devotees pray and offer flowers to the Sacred Tooth Relic, provide one with an idea of the religious importance of the festival. The attire of the participant also comes in for mention, as several participants wear the traditional Kandyan saree and Ves dresses, making the spectacle a treat for the eyes.
What to Expect
For future visitors, the Kandy Esala Perahera is one of a kind. The last five nights are optimal for visiting, particularly the Maha Randoli Perahera, to witness the most spectacular performances. Kandy, the festival location, is a city in Sri Lanka's Central Province that is easily reachable by road and train from Colombo.
Accommodation varies from high-end hotels to low-cost guest houses, meaning everyone can afford a place to sleep. New visitors are encouraged to arrive early enough to get a good spot to view as the streets are normally packed. Dressing in comfortable clothes and preparing for the tropical weather is also advisable.
In Kandy, tourists can also visit other attractions such as the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Kandy Lake, and the Bahirawakanda Vihara Buddha Statue. Interacting with the people and observing the smaller religious rites can provide a better understanding of the cultural importance of the festival.
Conclusion
The Kandy Esala Perahera is not only a festival but a celebration of Sri Lanka's rich cultural and religious heritage. Its majestic processions, centuries-old traditions, and vibrant atmosphere make it an unforgettable experience to any who participate in it.
By witnessing this event, visitors not only get to see a breathtaking sight but also gain an understanding of the cultural context of Sri Lanka. Don't miss the opportunity to be a part of this magical festival and behold the marvel of the Kandy Esala Perahera for yourself.